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"Give me a place to stand and I will move the earth." -Archimedes, commenting on the lever.
ARCHIMEDES Archimedes is considered the greatest mathematician and inventor of ancient times. He made important discoveries in geometry, hydrostatics, and mechanics. Much of his work and results were not surpassed for over 1,500 years. Also an outstanding engineer, he formulate Archimedes' principle of buoyancy and the principle of the lever. 287 B.C. Archimedes is born in Syracuse, Sicily. Anticipates integral calculus through his studies of the areas and volumes of curved solid figures and the areas of plane figures. In his famous work, Measurement of the Circle, he determines the exact value of pi to be between the values 3-10/71 and 3-1/7. Proves that the volume of a sphere is two-thirds the volume of a cylinder that circumscribes the sphere. Devises a new way to approximate square roots. Creates a system for expressing large numbers. Invents the Archimedes, or hydraulic, screw, a device for raising water from a lower to a higher level. It is still used to raise water in the Nile delta. Discovers the law of hydrostatics, or Archimedes' principle, which states that a body immersed in fluid loses weight equal to the weight of the amount of fluid it displaces. Defines the principle of the lever and is credited with inventing the compound pulley. Invents a self-moving celestial model, representing the sun, moon and constellations, so accurate that it even shows eclipses in a time-lapse manner. 212 B.C. Archimedes dies in Syracuse, Sicily. 212 B.C. - Several of his mechanical inventions are used to defend Syracuse against the Romans, including rock-throwing catapults, cranes, grappling hooks, and lenses or mirrors that reflect the sun's rays, causing ships to catch on fire. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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